base

英 [beɪs] 美 [beɪs]

• n. 底部；基地；基础；基数；基线；(棒球)垒；[化]碱
• vt. 以 ... 作基础
• adj. 卑鄙的；不道德的

双解释义

n. (名词)

1. [C]基础,底座

   the bottom part of sth; the part that sth stands on

2. [C]基地,根据地

   the place that you start from and go back to

v. (动词)

1. vt. 把…建立在,以…为基础

   place or establish; provide with a base or centre

详尽释义

n. 名词

1. 基础
2. 基地，总部，据点，根据地，大本营
3. 盐基，碱基
4. 底座
5. 根据
6. 基底
7. 根基
8. 出发点
9. 来源，源泉
10. 混合物的首要成分
11. 垒
12. 基本部分
13. 基数（如十进制的 10 和二进制的 2）
14. 马濑（姓，日本）

adj. 形容词

1. 卑鄙的，卑下的，不道德的
2. 用作基地的
3. 贱的，劣的 ，低级的，微贱的
4. 庶出的
5. 私生的
6. 不纯正的，粗俗的
7. 【音】低音的
8. 恶劣的
9. 拙劣的
10. 没有价值的
11. 基础的

v. 动词

1. 以…为据点， 以...为基地
2. 把设在，把…建立在
3. 把...的基础放在（...）上，以...作基础，把...建立在某种基础上
4. 以（...）作为...的根据
5. 把...放在基座上
6. 以...为起点
7. 为…打基础
8. 构成…的基部
9. 驻扎

英英释义

Noun:

1. installation from which a military force initiates operations;

   "the attack wiped out our forward bases"
   

2. lowest support of a structure;

   "it was built on a base of solid rock"
   "he stood at the foot of the tower"
   

3. a place that the runner must touch before scoring;

   "he scrambled to get back to the bag"
   

4. the bottom or lowest part;

   "the base of the mountain"
   

5. (anatomy) the part of an organ nearest its point of attachment;

   "the base of the skull"
   

6. a lower limit;

   "the government established a wage floor"
   

7. the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained;

   "the whole argument rested on a basis of conjecture"
   

8. a support or foundation;

   "the base of the lamp"
   

9. a phosphoric ester of a nucleoside; the basic structural unit of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)

10. any of various water-soluble compounds capable of turning litmus blue and reacting with an acid to form a salt and water;

    "bases include oxides and hydroxides of metals and ammonia"
    

11. the bottom side of a geometric figure from which the altitude can be constructed;

    "the base of the triangle"
    

12. the most important or necessary part of something;

    "the basis of this drink is orange juice"
    

13. (numeration system) the positive integer that is equivalent to one in the next higher counting place;

    "10 is the radix of the decimal system"
    

14. the place where you are stationed and from which missions start and end

15. a terrorist network intensely opposed to the United States that dispenses money and logistical support and training to a wide variety of radical Islamic terrorist groups; has cells in more than 50 countries

16. (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed;

    "thematic vowels are part of the stem"
    

17. the stock of basic facilities and capital equipment needed for the functioning of a country or area;

    "the industrial base of Japan"
    

18. the principal ingredient of a mixture;

    "glycerinated gelatin is used as a base for many ointments"
    "he told the painter that he wanted a yellow base with just a hint of green"
    "everything she cooked seemed to have rice as the base"
    

19. a flat bottom on which something is intended to sit;

    "a tub should sit on its own base"
    

20. (electronics) the part of a transistor that separates the emitter from the collector

Adjective:

1. serving as or forming a base;

   "the painter applied a base coat followed by two finishing coats"
   

2. of low birth or station (`base' is archaic in this sense);

   "baseborn wretches with dirty faces"
   "of humble (or lowly) birth"
   

3. (used of metals) consisting of or alloyed with inferior metal;

   "base coins of aluminum"
   "a base metal"
   

4. not adhering to ethical or moral principles;

   "base and unpatriotic motives"
   "a base, degrading way of life"
   "cheating is dishonorable"
   "they considered colonialism immoral"
   "unethical practices in handling public funds"
   

5. having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality;

   "that liberal obedience without which your army would be a base rabble"
   "taking a mean advantage"
   "chok'd with ambition of the meaner sort"
   "something essentially vulgar and meanspirited in politics"
   

6. illegitimate

7. debased; not genuine;

   "an attempt to eliminate the base coinage"
   

Verb:

1. use as a basis for; found on;

   "base a claim on some observation"
   

2. situate as a center of operations;

   "we will base this project in the new lab"
   

3. use (purified cocaine) by burning it and inhaling the fumes

例句

用作名词 (n.)

1. I found a small leaf at the base of the flower.
   我在那朵花的底部发现一片小叶。
2. Our mission was over, and went back to our base.
   我们的任务结束了,我们返回了基地。
3. Many languages have Latin as their base.
   许多语言都以拉丁语为基础。
4. One billion new consumers will double the existing consumer base within the next decade.
   未来10年内全球将新增10亿消费者,消费者基数将较现在增加一倍。
5. The base line can be set out as a single or double chain.
   基线可作为一条单链系或双链系。
6. The line spacing is the vertical distance between the base lines of two consecutive lines of text.
   行距是两个连续文本行的基线之间的垂直距离。
7. I got two on the first base foul line.
   我有两张垒界外线旁的座位票。
8. He didn't make it past first base.
   他未能跑过一垒。
9. A base is the hydroxide of a metal.
   碱是金属的氢氧化物。
10. An acid reacts with a base to form salt and water.
    酸和碱起反应，生成盐和水。

用作及物动词 (vt.)

1. This novel is based on historical facts.
   这部小说是以历史事实为根据的。

用作形容词 (adj.)

1. To betray a friend is a base action.
   背叛朋友是卑劣的行为。

常见句型

用作名词 (n.)

1. The Christmas tree must have a base.
   圣诞树应有个支架。
2. The lamp has a flat base.
   这个灯座是平的。
3. The machine rests on a wide base of steel.
   机器安装在一个很大的钢制底座上。
4. When dams are new, they look like heaps of sticks sloping from a broad base to a narrow top.
   新坝刚筑起时看上去像由底部宽大顶部窄小且又有一定斜度的树枝堆起来的。
5. It serves the economic base.
   它为经济服务。
6. Axioms are the base of geometry.
   各项公理是几何学的基础。
7. A base of agreement was arrived at.
   总算达成了协议的基础。
8. This innovation was regarded as a sensible base for teaching and research.
   这一革新被视为教学和研究工作的切实的基础。
9. The base of his argument is that our price is too high.
   他的论据是我们的物价太高。
10. They set up three bases before climbing to the top.
    在登顶之前他们建了三个基地。
11. The general ordered his air force to destroy the enemy's naval base.
    将军命令他的空军部队摧毁敌人的海军基地。
12. The city will become an important industrial base of our country.
    这座城市将成为我国一个重要的工业基地。
13. She travels all over the world but London is her base.
    她周游世界而伦敦是她居住的地方。

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. “Where is your company based?”“It is based in Paris.”
   “你们公司的总部设在哪儿?”“它设在巴黎。”

经典引文

• They toppled the statue of Mussolini..and inscribed a motto on its base.

  出自：Nation

• A most base piece of flatterie.

  出自： W. Raleigh

• A few base contemporaries no older than ourselves, but cads.

  出自： H. Belloc

• He has thoughts and feelings and impulses which may be wise or foolish, noble or base.

  出自： B. Russell

• Underneath the rough exterior their hearts were as base as anyone's.

  出自： J. Braine

• Great roots based the tree-columns.

  出自： G. Macdonald

常用短语

用作动词 (v.)

base on〔upon〕 (v.+prep.)

使建立在…基础上 build or place; use as a basis for
base oneself/sth on〔upon〕 sth
We must base ourselves on the interests of the people.

我们一定要从人民的利益出发。
Basing himself on the realities of his life, the painter successfully integrated realism and artistic exaggeration.

画家根据自己的现实生活,成功地把现实主义和艺术夸张结合起来。
I base my hopes on the news I had yesterday.

我的希望是以我昨天得到的消息为根据的。
We based our conclusion on facts.

我们是以事实作为我们结论的依据的。
These criticisms are based on misunderstanding.

这些评论完全是出于误解。
Direct taxation is usually based upon income.

直接税通常是以收入为根据。
This song is based on an old folk tune.

这首歌是以一首古老的民间曲调为基础而写成的。
His conclusion is based on practical experience.

他的结论建立在实践经验的基础上。

词汇搭配

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

• set up a base 建立基地

形容词+～

• advanced base 前沿基地
• forward base 前沿基地
• main base 主要基地
• military base 军事基地

名词+～

• air base 空军基地
• army base 陆军基地
• center base 中心
• company's base 公司总部
• naval base 海军基地
• oil base 石油基地
• power base 动力基地
• sea base 海军基地

～+名词

• base hospital 后方医院
• base index 基本指数
• base map 工作草图
• base paper 原纸
• base point 基点
• base price 基价
• base stock 基本原料
• base unit 基本单位

介词+～

• at the base of 在…基础上
• at the base of the mountain 在山脚下

～+介词

• the base of a building 建筑物的基地
• the base of a column 柱脚
• the base of a plan 计划的依据
• the base of a statue 塑像的基座
• the base of the thumb 拇指根
• the base of a triangle 三角形的底边

用作动词 (v.)

～+介词

• base a guess on experience 根据经验进行猜测
• base one's argument on facts 使自己的论点有事实根据

词语用法

1. base常指有形的基础，侧重指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。而basis常指无形的基础，主要用作抽象或引申意义；
2. military base是指军事基地，economic basis and superstructure是指经济基础和上层建筑；
3. base和basis的复数形式都是bases，前者读作['beisiz]，后者读作['beisi:z]。

n. (名词)

1. base的基本意思是“底座,基础”,一般指具体有形的事物的底部、基座等; 也可用来比喻理论的基础或讨论的根据等。base还可作“基地”解,多指军事或工业基地。
2. base是可数名词,其前可加a或the,在句中可作主语或宾语。

v. (动词)

1. base用作动词是“把…建立在,以…为基础”的意思,指人们依据一定的客观规律或自己的亲身体验而得出的一定结论。base常用于非物质结构的基础,这个基础可以是物质的,也可以是非物质的。
2. base是及物动词,常与on连用,作“使建立在…基础上”解。常用于被动结构。

词义辨析

n. (名词)

base, basis, foundation

• 这组词的共同意思是“基础”“根基”。其区别是：
• base一般指露出地面的、具体有形的事物的底部、基座等，偶尔也可用来比喻理论的基础或讨论的根据等; 还可指军事或工业基地等。basis指无形的、非物质的基础,如基本原则、思想核心、事实根据、行为动机等。例如:
• The report has been prepared upon an insufficient basis of facts.写这个报告所依据的事实不足。
• foundation通常指有形的建筑物的地下基础,其所表示的“基础”一般比较坚实或更庄严,所支撑的物体要比base的体积大; 也可以表示无形的某种思想或信仰的基础。例如:
• The workers are driving in piles to make a firm foundation.工人们在打桩,构筑牢固的地基。

base，basis，foundation，ground

• 这些名词均含有“基础”之意。
• base侧重指构成或支撑某一具体物体的基础，也可指军事基地或用作比喻意义。
• basis主要用作抽象或引申意义。
• foundation用于具体意义时，侧重指坚固结实的建筑物的基础或地基；用作比喻意义时，与basis基本相同。
• ground含义与basis和foundation接近。一般指某种决定、论点或关系的基础，也可指某种原因的基础。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 我的希望建立在这个新计划之上。

   误 My hope based on the new plan.

   正 I based my hope on the new plan.

   析 base为及物动词。因此表示“建立在…之上”或“以…为基础”时不能说base on sth,而只能用base sth on sth 的句型。

词源解说

• ☆ 15世纪初期进入英语，直接源自古法语的bas，意为深，深度；最初源自古希腊语的basis，意为台阶，基座。

近反义词

【近义词】

• bottom
• foundation
• stand
• support
• establish
• found

【反义词】

• peak
• pinnacle
• top