afford

英 [ə'fɔːd] 美 [ə'fɔːrd]

• v. 花费得起；能够做；承担得起(后果)；提供；给予

双解释义

v. (动词)

1. vt. 买得起,花得起,经得起

   be able to buy or pay for, be rich enough to buy, have enough to spare

2. vt. 提供,供给

   provide; give

详尽释义

v. 动词

1. 足以承担
2. 花费得起，付得起，用得起，负担得起
3. 经受得住，经得起
4. 供给，给予，提供
5. 产，生产，出产
6. 有能力，实现
7. 有足够的…（去做…）
8. 抽得出时间
9. 能堪，够得上（做）

英英释义

Verb:

1. be able to spare or give up;

   "I can't afford to spend two hours with this person"
   

2. be the cause or source of;

   "He gave me a lot of trouble"
   "Our meeting afforded much interesting information"
   

3. have the financial means to do something or buy something;

   "We can't afford to send our children to college"
   "Can you afford this car?"
   

4. afford access to;

   "the door opens to the patio"
   "The French doors give onto a terrace"
   

例句

用作动词 (v.)

1. Only the well-to-do can afford these houses.
   只有富人能买得起这些房子。
2. I can't afford a holiday this summer.
   今年夏天我无法度假。
3. We can afford to overlook minor offences.
   我们可以不计较小过。
4. We can't afford to pay such a price.
   我们付不起这个价钱。
5. They could ill afford to lose any more staff.
   他们再也不能损失员工了。
6. We cannot afford to ignore this warning.
   我们对这个警告绝不能等闲视之。
7. These trees afford a pleasant shade.
   这些树提供了荫凉。

常见句型

用作动词 (v.)

用作及物动词

S+～+ n./pron.

1. I cannot afford these goods.
   我买不起这些货。
2. She cannot afford a new dress.
   她没钱买新衣裳。
3. The parents could hardly afford a private teacher for their child.
   父母很难给孩子请得起一位家庭教师。
4. I cannot afford the trip to New York, because the travelling expenses would amount to at least $3000 if I went.
   到纽约旅行我去不起,因为我如果去的话,这趟旅费至少也得要三千美元。
5. I'm so poor that I can't afford it.
   我太穷了,买不起它。
6. Can you afford ￡1500 for a house?
   你拿得出1500英镑买一幢房子吗?
7. We can afford the TV set if we save our money.
   如果我们能积攒下钱就可买下那台电视。
8. She can well afford a new car.
   她完全买得起一辆新车。
9. At last we were able to afford a piano.
   我们终于能买得起一架钢琴了。
10. I can't afford the time for the film this evening.
    我今天晚上抽不出时间看电影。
11. I can't afford the time for it.
    这时间我可能花不起。
12. I can't afford the time and money for a long journey.
    我没有时间和金钱作长途旅行。
13. We can't afford a holiday this summer.
    今年夏天我们抽不出时间度假。
14. They couldn't afford any more setbacks.
    他们再也经不起挫折了。
15. This stretch of land affords cotton.
    这片地出产棉花。
16. Reading affords pleasure.
    读书给人以快乐。

S+～+to- v

1. I can't afford to buy this flat.
   我买不起这套公寓。
2. I can't afford to buy such an expensive watch.
   这样名贵的表我可买不起。
3. I think you can afford to buy a refrigerator.
   我想你是买得起电冰箱的。
4. The boy cannot afford to pay his school fees.
   那男孩付不起学费。
5. We can't afford to pay such a price.
   我们付不起这么高的价钱。
6. She can't afford to pay for such expensive books.
   那么贵的书她买不起。
7. Can you afford to lend me some money?
   你能借给我一些钱吗?
8. We can hardly afford to wait for another hour.
   我们几乎不能再等一个小时了。
9. Having finished the task, he could afford to relax a bit.
   任务完成以后,他可以休息一下。
10. He can't afford to offend his boss.
    他可得罪不起老板。
11. I can't afford to meet your demand.
    我不能满足你的要求。
12. The family could not afford to send her to college.
    家里无力送她上大学。
13. She can't afford to miss another day at school.
    她再也不能缺一天课。
14. He could hardly afford to support his family, could he?
    他几乎不能养活他的一家,是吗?
15. I cannot afford to have you idle.
    我不能让你闲着什么也不做。
16. I can't afford to be out of work long.
    长期失业,我吃不消。
17. We can ill afford to lose this contract.
    我们承受不起失去这份合约所带来的损失。
18. He couldn't afford to lose any more.
    他再也输不起了。

用作双宾动词

S+～+ pron./n. + n./pron.

1. Tomorrow's meeting will afford us the opportunity of discussing some important questions.
   明天的会议将给我们提供讨论重要问题的机会。
2. Do the laws of his country afford him a remedy?
   他那个国家的法律是否能让他得到赔偿?
3. The conference will afford you an opportunity to meet many foreign scholars.
   这次会议将给你提供结识许多外国学者的机会。
4. His son's success afforded him great pleasure.
   他儿子的成功使他非常高兴。
5. Reading this story will afford you much pleasure.
   读这个故事会使你得到很大乐趣。
6. It will afford us great pleasure to have a business talk with you.
   和你共谈业务将给我们带来无限喜悦。
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7. You will be afforded an opportunity.
   你将会有一次机会。

S+～+ n./pron. +to pron./n.

1. This trip has afforded great satisfaction to me.
   这次旅行使我很满意。
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2. Valuable facilities would be afforded to them.
   将给他们提供各种重要的设施。

经典引文

• We cannot afford to go to expensive restaurants every night.

  出自： O. Manning

• I had won the game already, and I could afford to feel a certain pity for my victim.

  出自： G. Greene

• I paid a lot of money I couldn't afford.

  出自： E. O

• She could not..afford a maid..since every penny was of importance to her.

  出自： F. M. Ford

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

• afford a fine view 呈现出好风景
• afford a pleasant shade 提供阴凉地方
• afford clothing 买得起衣服
• afford much information 提供许多信息
• afford rice 产米
• afford the time 能抽出时间
• afford sb a good profit 使某人得到厚利
• afford sb a shelter from the rain 使某人有避雨的地方
• afford sb great pleasure 使某人感到很快乐
• afford sb great satisfaction 使某人感到很满意

副词+～

• hardly afford 几乎买不起
• ill afford 承担不起
• never afford 从未负担得起
• only afford 仅买得起

～+副词

• afford scarcely 几乎买不起
• afford well 完全负担得起
• afford abundantly 完全负担得起
• afford financially 经济上负担得起
• afford undoubtedly 毫无疑问买得起

词语用法

1. afford指“给予”时，可接双宾语。

   It affords me great satisfaction to be able to help him.
   能帮助他给了我很大的满足感。

2. can afford to ...指“负担得起”，“做得到”，“忍得住”。

   He can afford to keep a motorcar.
   他负担得起备有一辆汽车。

   She can hardly afford to wait for another hour.
   她几乎做不到再多等一小时了。

   I did not think I could afford to lose my post.
   我想我不能忍受得了失去这个职位。

v. (动词)

1. afford的基本含义是“充足”,指“有足够的钱买某物”“有足够的财力或时间做某事”,也可以表示“经受得起”; 引申可表示“提供”“给予”。
2. afford表示“有足够的钱买某物”时, afford可以接物作宾语,也可以接“to buy sth ”作宾语,前者可看作是省略to buy的句型,前者较后者更常用些。
3. afford表示“有足够的财力或时间做某事”。afford的宾语可以是time(一般不省略),也可以是expense,还可以是time and money,但一般不单独用money。
4. afford还可作“经受得起”解,可用于财政状况,健康状况或者形象、声誉等,其宾语一般为动词不定式或表示动作的名词,不接反身代词作宾语。
5. afford作“提供”“给予”解时,属正式文体,指自然产生或法律上的后果,多接双宾语,其后的直接宾语多为抽象名词。其主语可以是人,也可以是物或事物,其间接宾语可转化为介词to的宾语。
6. afford多用于疑问句或否定句,常与can, could, be able to等连用。用于否定句时,意思是“经不起(发生某事或做某事)”,含尽力“避免发生”或“避免做”的意味。
7. afford不用于进行体和完成体,作“买得起,花得起,经得起”解时不用于被动结构。

词义辨析

v. (动词)

afford, give, provide, supply

• 这四个词都有“给”“供给”“提供”的意思。其区别是：
• 1.afford指为一定的目的而“给”“提供”所需要的东西; give指无需偿还地把金钱、物品、时间、麻烦等有形或无形的东西“送给”“授予”“供给”某人; provide主要指为某人、某物或某事“提供”“供应”某物品,尤指生活必需品; supply指用物“供给”“供应”或“提供”给国家、群众、工厂、城市、市场等,以部队为对象时,往往只供给生活必需品,而不指武器。例如:
• Some trees afford resin. 有些树产树脂。
• I should like to give him a chance.我想给他一个机会。
• Now we supply power to nine-tenths of the city's homes.现在我们向这个城市十分之九的家庭提供电力。
• 2.afford后面可跟不定式或动名词,还常用在can, could, be able to后面表示“担负得起”某事物的费用、损失、后果等,以及“抽得出”时间、人力,其后可接双宾语,意思是“向某人提供某物”; provide后面可接for, with和against等介词; supply后可接介词to。例如:
• Our garden affords us fresh vegetables.我们的园子为我们提供新鲜蔬菜。
• More and more vegetables and fruit are supplied to the army.越来越多的蔬菜和水果供应部队。
• The programme aims to provide self-sufficiency for local needs.这项计划旨在使当地需要得以自足。

afford, give

• afford和give都有“提供”的意思,很多情况下可以互换,但当主语是人时须用give,特别在口语中。例如：
• I should like to give him a chance.
• 我想给他一个机会。
• It afforded me an opportunity.
• 这给了我一个机会。

afford, buy

• afford和buy都有“买”的意思,但afford侧重“有无经济能力买”,而buy则侧重“购买的行为”,表示“我买不起”可以说I can't afford,但不可说I can't buy.因为后者的意思是“即使有钱也不准买”。另外, buy常可用在afford后作宾语。

常见错误

v. (动词)

1. 汽车之贵,非富户不敢问津。

   误 Motor-cars are so expensive that can be afforded only by the very rich.

   正 Motor-cars are so expensive that only the very rich can afford to buy them.

   析 afford作“买得起”“花得起”“经得起”解时,不用于被动结构。

2. 我父亲拿不出钱借给我。

   误 My father couldn't afford himself to lend me any money.

   正 My father couldn't afford to lend me any money.

   析 afford不可接反身代词作宾语。

3. 他抽不出时间去度假。

   误 He couldn't afford going away on a holiday.

   正 He couldn't afford to go away on a holiday.

   析 afford后不可接动名词。

词源解说

• ☆ 直接源自古英语的geforian，意为前进，继续。

近反义词

【近义词】

• buy
• give
• provide

【反义词】

• have no financial means for

派生词

v.(动词)

• affordable adj. 买得起的，负担得起的