they enlivened the opera stage and changed the direction of development of Chinese opera art and prepared the way for the birth of the large-scale opera The White-Haired Girl (music by Ma Ke and others).

• 他们出现在舞台上，改变了中国歌剧艺术的发展方向并且直接孕育着大型歌剧《白毛女》(马可等作曲)的诞生。