Zhang Zai and So Kyong-dok are noted representatives of qi philosophy in China and Korea, who lay emphasis on the materiality, unity in opposition, and indestructibility of qi.

• 摘要张载和徐敬德分别是中国和朝鲜哲学史上气论哲学的重要代表。“气”是张徐二人哲学思想的核心范畴，两人都强调气的物质性、对立统一性以及不灭性。