Yet the economic takeoff in both England and the US occurred against the background of a strong sense of nationality, and nationalist resistance to Western power was a powerful stimulus of economic development in Meiji Japan.

• 然而美国和英国的经济起飞，其背景有强烈的国家意识，日本明治时期反抗西方强国的国家主义是刺激经济发展的强有力动力。