Water contamination by urine is a significant threat only in areas where typhoid and urinary schistosomiasis (Schistosoma haematobium) is endemic.

• 尿液造成的水污染仅仅在那些具有伤寒症和尿血吸虫病（埃及裂体吸虫）等地方病的地区有重大威胁。