Traditional treatments of cancer are radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgery;however unfortunately, primary cancers often metastasize after treatment resulting in poor-prognosis.

• 传统对于肺癌的治疗，主要是以放射线治疗、化学治疗和手术切除为主，而治疗后发生转移以及预后不佳的问题，为致死的主要原因。