This text begins with concept of causality presumption, regards its effect that is to transform objective burden of proof, it differs from the vert with burden of proof, factal card, infer roughly, form witness bright obvious.

• 因果关系推定要素包括受害人初步证明、推定以及加害人反证三项，就立法体例而言，因果关系推定各国规定有以免责条款规定式和直接规定式两种，在未来民法典中，我国不妨一并采纳。