This paper summarizes the action mechanism and the physiological function. Take lactobacillus for example, we illustrate the genetic modifying function of the Probiotics, and make a prospect on it.

• 摘要综述了益生菌的作用机理和生理功能，以乳酸菌为例介绍了益生菌的遗传修饰作用，并展望了益生菌的发展前景。