This paper mainly introduces CISC architecture and RISC architecture of modern computer,and points out existing problems about modern computer based on Ven noman architecture,then respects the developing trend of future computer architecture.

• 该文系统概述了现代计算机的两种主要体系结构CISC体系和RISC体系,指出了基于冯·诺伊曼体系结构的现代计算机体系存在的问题,展望了未来计算机体系发展方向。