This maldevelopment results in the absence or shortening of the umbilical cord with the abdominal organs lying outside the abdominal cavity and directly attached to the placenta (Shalev et al. 1995).

• 这种发育异常导致脐带过短或缺失，以致于内脏器官膨出于腹腔，甚至直接与胎盘相连。