Then an efficient penalty-based GRG (generalized reduced gradient) approach is used to solve the transformed problem, in which the adjoin equation method is applied to evaluate the gradient of the penalty term associated with the stability constraints.

• 在算法求解上,利用约束转换技术将函数空间的优化问题转换为常规的静态优化问题,并采用广义降维梯度方法求解转换后的问题。 算法运用伴随方程方法处理暂态稳定约束,有效提高了计算效率。