The utterly destitute,comprising 20 per cent,are the completely dispossessed,that is,people who have neither land nor money,are without any means of livelihood,and are forced to leave home and become mercenaries or hired labourers or wandering beggars.

• 全然无业，即既无土地，又无资期金，完全失去生活依据，不得不出外当兵，或出去做工，或打流当乞丐的，都是“赤贫”，占百分之二十。