The target words were 12 high-frequency transparent words,12 high-frequency opaque words,12 low-frequency transparent words,12 low-frequency opaque words and 48 pseudowords.

• 目标刺激为高频透明、高频不透明、低频透明、低频不透明词各12个和48个假词,被试任务为即既又准的判断目标刺激是否是一个词。