The semi-owner peasants are worse off than the owner-peasants because every year they are short of about half the food they need,and have to make up this deficit by renting land from others,selling part of their labour power,or engaging in petty trading.

• 半自耕农，其生活苦于自耕农，因其食粮每年大约有一半不够，须租别人田地，或者出卖一部分劳动力，或经营小商，以资弥补。