The results show that the type of Qingdao economic growth is promoted by capital and the output elasticity and contribution rate of human capital are low, while the spillover effect of human capital is not clear.

• 结果表明，青岛市的经济增长带有明显的资本推动型特征，人力资本的产出弹性和贡献率较低，溢出效应不明显。