The immigrant minorities, says Ogbu, himself an immigrant from Nigeria, generally share an optimism and faith in America, a self-confidence that whatever obstacles they face can be overcome through education and hard work.

• 身为尼日利亚移民的奥格布说：“这些少数民族移民对美国一般均持乐观态度，抱有信心，自信无论遇到任何障碍，都能通过教育和奋斗来克服。