The existing traces on the surface rupture include seismic fault,eartquake fissure,seismic groove,graben,pitfall,gully,dislocation of mountain ridge,falling and landslide.

• 现存的地表破裂形迹有地震断层、地震裂缝、地震沟槽、地堑、地震陷坑、冲沟及山脊位错、崩塌滑坡等。