The benevolence can t be the value basis of modern public service system for it s inherent defects of properties of unrestraint and rank and a flavor of alms.

• 慈善因其非约束性、等级次第性并带有施舍色彩的天然弱点,失去了担当现代公共服务制度道德基础的依据,而正义则以其应得和法度的语义获得了构成公共服务道德根基的资格。