The Japanese and Polish trials compared D2 and D3 (D2 plus paraaortic lymph node dissection) resection and showed no difference in morbidity and mortality rates.

• 日本和波兰试验比较D2和D3（即D2加上腹大动脉旁淋巴腺扩清手术），手术合并症及死亡率均差不多。