The European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) , based in Switzerland, was founded in 1961 in order to meet the need for standardizing computer languages and input/output codes.

• 欧洲计算机制造商协会（ECMA）成立于1961年，总部位于瑞士，致力于解决为计算机语言和输入/输出的代码制定标准。