Raymond Williams,in his early study of the culture,noticed a series of problems and lay in the starting-point of himself about the mass observation through analyzing the concept of the masses and the limitations in the study of the mass culture.

• 雷蒙德·威廉斯在早期的文化研究中注意到对大众文化的探讨从观察的出发点上就存在一系列值得质疑的问题,通过对大众概念的剖析和指出大众文化研究中观察的局限,他提出了自己的观察立场。