Part One Reason and Order1 In the ancient Greece and Rome, reason was primarily a category of Ontology, and was therefore regarded as the cosmic inbuilt order, with human reason as a homogeneous part of it.

• 古希腊罗马时期的理性首先在本体论意义上被理解为宇宙的秩序，而人的理性是这种宇宙理性的一个同质的部分，由此推出人应该按照理性生活。