PVP is added as a mechanical strength enhancing additive to improve monolithicity of aerogels, and PbO is selected to lower thermal conductivity at high temperature, when radiation is prominent.

• 添加聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的主要目的是要改善气凝胶的整体性及机械性质，而氧化铅可以降低气凝胶在高温的热传导系数。