Orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea are unusual in pulmonary disease, except in a very advanced phase when the increased efficiency of breathing in the upright position is manifest.

• 肺病患者的端坐呼吸和阵发性夜间呼吸困难不常见，除非是在很晚期，此时，直立位呼吸功率增加明显。