Monopolies or oligopolies, in industries ranging from telecommunications to cement, trim the long-term growth rate by 1% a year, according to Guillermo Ortiz, the governor of the central bank.

• 据墨西哥中央银行行长奥尔蒂斯说，包括电信业和水泥业在内的垄断企业，长期增长速率每年以1%25的速率递减。