MethodsComplete human cadaveric ligamentous lumbar spine specimens were used to make 3 models:an intact sample, a discectomy sample, and a sample of ADR after the discectomy.

• 方法：采用新鲜尸体保留韧带结构的完整腰段脊柱标本，设计3种模型：完整组，椎间盘摘除组及ADR组。