Methods 119 patients who suffered disease of adrenal glands,kidney,varicoele and chyluria,were treated with laparoscopic surgery by retroperitonal and transperitoneal approach.

• 方法经腹腔及后腹腔途径对119例肾上腺疾病、肾脏疾病、精索静脉曲张、乳糜尿等疾病患者行腹腔镜手术。