Learners make decisions based on beliefs and value judgements. They are often in a state of conflict because their previous learning experiences do not coincide with their current learning environment.

• 语言学习者在他们的信仰和价值观的基础上判断,做出决定。他们经常处在冲突的过程中,因为他们以前的学习经历与他们现在所处的学习环境并不一致。