In general almost all the population are trapped in the ground state when the parameters are badly matched as if there is no fields.

• 研究发现粒子布居的变化强烈的依接R曲i频率和失谐量。 一般的，当参数选取不当时，几乎所有的粒子都被捕获在基态，就象不存在激光场一样。