In fact, there are an infinity of consumer and production equilibria that yield Pareto optimal results.There are as many optima as there are points on the aggregate production possibilities frontier.

• 西方经济学家承认，英国十分严重的贫富悬殊的社会问题，由于第一次世界大战变得更为尖锐，因而出现以建立社会福利为目标的研究趋向，导致了福利经济学的产生。