In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware Psychologist claims.

• [参考译文]位特拉华心理学家声称，在低年级运用这种所谓的象征性奖励机制，即让学生动脑筋解决问题，并根据其表现给予有价值的奖赏所需要的分值，有望提高学生的干劲和创造力。