In all but these few and (except in the very commencement of human society)unimportant cases, the objects supplied by nature are only instrumental to human wants, after having undergone some degree of transformation by human exertion.

• 除了这些为数很少且不重 要的（不过在人类社会的早期是重要的）情形外，自然所供应的物品仅在由人力进行了 某种程度的转化以后，才可用于满足人类的需要。