General Musharrafholds the two jobs at present thanks to a constitutional amendment passed in 2003with the help of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA), an alliance of religiousparties.

• 得益于2003年通过的一个宪法修正案，穆沙拉夫将军如今能够担任这两个职位（陆军参谋长和总统）。