From the view of economists, congestion is an externality problem.To endogenize the external cost resulting from congestion, we can levy a congestion tax on the users to reflect their real costs.

• 摘要从经济学的观点而言，拥挤为一外部性问题，将因拥挤造成的外部成本内生化，可对拥挤现象课徵拥挤税以反应用路者的真实成本。