Four patients with blind end of vas and vessels proximal to the internal inquinal ring were planned for orchiectomy or simple or staged orchidopexy depending on clinical situations.

• 六位病人可见正常之输精管及精索血管进入内复股沟环，仍接受复股沟探查手术，其中四位病人位于患侧仍未发现睪丸，另两位病人则发现发育不全之睪丸。