Forth, when the uncertainty level and potential profit level of explorative R&D are relatively low, R&D competition has the firms abandon the existing technology earlier than cooperation.

• 第四,当探索型研发的利润水平和不确定性水平都相对低时,竞争与合作相比,企业对利用型研发放弃太早,未能充分实现已有技术研发的效率;