Faced with the need to make an enormous number of decisions quickly, many of the agencies that process individual claims have developed sophisticated informal procedures in an effort to minimize the use of formal hearings.

• 面对迅速作出众多决定的需要，许多处理个人权利要求的行政机关开发了绝妙的非正式程序，旨在把正式听证减少到最低限度。