Even cities and states beyond central Italy, such as the Republic of Florence at this time, were also notable for their merchant Republics, especially the Republic of Venice.

• 即使是意大利中部以外的城市和城邦，例如当时的佛罗伦萨共和国，也因所建立的商人共和政体值得引起人们的注意，尤其是维也纳共和国。