Estrogens affect the ovaries, vagina, fallopian tubes, uterus, and mammary glands and play crucial roles in puberty, menstruation, pregnancy, and parturition.

• 雌激素可影响卵巢、阴道（vagina）、输卵管、子宫和乳腺（mammary gland），对青春期、月经、妊娠和分娩（parturition）都扮演重要角色。