Due to the inherent hysteretic nonlinearity, the giant magnetostrictive actuator (GMA) can cause position error in the open-loop systems, and cause instability in the closed-loop systems.

• 由于内在的滞回非线性，超磁致伸缩驱动器（GMA） 会在开环系统中引起定位误差，在闭环系统中造成系统不稳定。