Due to the detrimental effects of soil disturbance, fertilization of perennial forage crops, established pastures, and silviculture systems; are obviously highly dependent upon surface application on residue covered soil.

• 在多年生牧草、场和造林体系上，由于翻动土壤会产生不利影响，施肥显然主要是在有残茬的土壤上表施。