Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for vaccinia when evaluating vesiculopapular rashes in patients who have been vaccinated recently and in their close contacts.

• 临床医师当评估最近接种疫苗或近距离接触过接种疫苗者的患者丘疱疹时应保持对牛痘高度怀疑的心理指标。