Boiling water sealing, high temperature vapor sealing, cold sealing (with nickel or nickel free), medium temperature sealing, organic polymer film and other sealing process were introduced.

• 介绍沸纯水封孔、高温水蒸气封孔、冷封孔(含镍和无镍)、中温封孔和有机聚合物膜等工艺。