All of mast cells in larva, adult bufonidae and adult bullfrog were proved to be the mucosal mast cell (MMC), which contributed to be first defense in skin mucosal immunity.

• 蟾蜍幼体、成体和牛蛙成体皮肤肥大细胞均为黏膜肥大细胞，是参与构成皮肤黏膜免疫的第一道屏障。