After mature granules formation, effect of cellular dehydration caused by proton translocation became most important in granules growing up, but effects of two value metal cations and ECPs were also important.

• 而在颗粒污泥形成后的增长阶段，质子跨膜迁移引起的细胞脱水作用变得显著，二价阳离子架桥和ECPs的作用在这一阶段也同样很重要。