A major upsurge in the numbers of phytoplankton and epiphytes immediately causes difficulties for nearby sea life, but an even worse situation arises when oxygen levels in bottom waters decline.

• 当浮游植物和附生植物数量骤增时，会立刻对邻近的海洋生物造成影响，但是底层海水氧气浓度降低时，情况就更糟了。